Открытия, которые изменили мир. Как 10 величайших открытий в медицине спасли миллионы жизней и изменили наше видение мира Кейжу Джон

Baxter A. G. Louis Pasteur’s beer of revenge // Nature Reviews Immunology, 2001. Vol. 1, December. Pp. 229–232.

Blaser M. J. Who are we? Indigenous microbes and the ecology of human diseases // European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) Reports, 2006. Vol. 7. No. 10. Pp. 956–960.

Carter K. C. Semmelweis and his predecessors // Medical History, 1981. Vol. 25. Pp. 57–72.

Carte, K. C. Koch’s postulates in relation to the work of Jacob Henle and Edwin Klebs // Medical History, 1985. Vol. 29. Pp. 353–374.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Estimates of Healthcare — Associated Infections // www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/hai.html.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 51 (RR-16), 2002. October. Pp. 1–33.

Dunlop D. R. The life and work of Louis Pasteur // The Canadian Medical Association Journal, 1927. November. Pp. 297–303.

Dunn P. M. Ignac Semmelweis (1818–1865) of Budapest and the prevention of puerperal fever // Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 2005. Vol. 90. Pp. F345–F348.

Elek S. D. Semmelweis and the Oath of Hippocrates // Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1966. Vol. 59. No. 4, April. Pp. 346–352.

The Encyclopdia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature, and General Information. 11th ed. Volume XVI. Lister, Joseph. New York: The Encyclopdia Britannica Company, 191.

Fleming A. Louis Pasteur // British Medical Journal, 1947. April. Pp. 517–522.

Fleming J. B. Puerperal fever: The historical development of its treatment // Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1966. Vol. 59, April. Pp. 341–345.

Fred E. B. Antony van Leeuwenhoek: On the three-hundredth anniversary of his birth // Journal of Bacteriology, 1933. Vol. 25. No. 1. Pp. 1–18.

Godwin W. Memoirs of Mary Wollstonecraft. London: Constable and Co., 1928 // http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/anarchist_archives/godwin/memoirs/toc.html.

Goldmann D. System failure versus personal accountability — The case for clean hands // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2006. Vol. 355. No. 2, July. Pp. 121–123.

Gordon J. I., Ley R. E., Wilson R. et al. Extending our view of self: The human gut microbiome initiative (HGMI) // http://genome.gov/Pages/Research/Sequencing/SeqProposals/HGMISeq.pdf.

Kaufmann S. H. E. Robert Koch, the Nobel Prize, and the ongoing threat of tuberculosis // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2005. Vol. 353. No. 23, December. Pp. 2423–2426.

Kaufmann S. H. E., Schaible U. E. 100th anniversary of Robert Koch’s Nobel Prize for the discovery of the tubercle bacillus // Trends in Microbiology, 2005. Vol. 13. No. 10, October. Pp. 469–475.

Klevens R. M., Edwards J. R., Richards C. S., Jr. et al. Estimating health care associated infections and deaths in U.S. hospitals, 2002 // Public Health Reports, 2007. Vol. 122, March — April. Pp. 160–166.

Krasner R. I. Pasteur: High priest of microbiology // ASM News, 1995. Vol. 61. No. 11. Pp. 575–578.

Louden I. The Tragedy of Childbed Fever. Oxford University Press // https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-tragedy-of-childbed-fever-9780198204992?cc=ru&lang=en&.

National Institutes of Health. NIH Launches Human Microbiome Project. December 19, 2007 // http://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-launches-human-microbiome-project.

Nobelprize.org. Robert Koch: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1905 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1905/koch-bio.html.

Nuland S. B. The enigma of Semmelweis — an interpretation // Journal of the History of Medicine, 1979. July. Pp. 255–272.

Pasteur L. On Spontaneous Generation. Address delivered at the Sorbonne Scientific Soiree, April 7, 1864 // Revue des cours scientifics, 1864. Vol. 1. April 23. Pp. 257–264.

Porter J. R. Louis Pasteur: Achievements and disappointments, 1861 // Pasteur Award Lecture, 1961. Vol. 25. Pp. 389–403.

Porter J. R. Antony van Leeuwenhoek: Tercentenary of his discovery of bacteria // Bacteriological Reviews, 1976. Vol. 40. No. 2, June. Pp. 260–269.

Semmelweis I. The Etiology, Concept, and Prophylaxis of Childbed Fever. Trans. K. Codell Carter. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

Tomes N. J. American attitudes toward the germ theory of disease: Phyllis Allen Richmond revisited // Journal of the History of Medicine, 1997. Vol. 52, January. Pp. 17–50.

Ullmann A. Pasteur-Koch: Distinctive ways of thinking about infectious diseases // Microbe, 2007. Vol. 2. No. 8. Pp. 383–387.

Глава 4

Adams A. K. The delayed arrival: From Davy (1800) to Morton (1846) // Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1996. Vol. 89. February. Pp. 96–100.

Bigelow H. J. Insensibility during surgical operations produced by inhalation // Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1846. Vol. 35. Pp. 309–317.

Burney F. Eyewitness: Major Surgery Without an Anaesthetic, 1811 // Letters and journals of Fanny Burney // www.mytimemachine.co.uk/operation.htm.

Caton D. What a Blessing She Had Chloroform: The Medical and Social Response to the Pain of Childbirth From 1800 to the Present. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999.

Clark R. B. Fanny Longfellow and Nathan Keep // American Society of Anesthesiologists Newsletter, 1997. Vol. 61. No. 9, September. Pp. 1–3.

Collins V. J. Principles of Anesthesiology, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1993.

Davy H. Researches, Chemical and Philosophical; Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide or Dephlogisticated Ntrous Air, and Its Respiration. Bristol: Biggs and Cottle, 1800. См. также http://www.critical.ru/calendar/1712Davy.htm.

Desai S. P., Desai M. S., Pandav C. S. The discovery of modern anaesthesia — Contributions of Davy, Clarke, Long, Wells, and Morton // Indian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2007. Vol. 51. No. 6. Pp. 472–476.

Greene N. M. A consideration of factors in the discovery of anesthesia and their effects on its development // Anesthesiology, 1971. Vol. 35. No. 5, November. Pp. 515–522.

Jacob M. C., Sauter M. J. Why did Humphry Davy and associates not pursue the pain-alleviating effects of nitrous oxide? // Journal of the History of Medicine, 2002. Vol. 57, April. Pp. 161–176.

Larson M. D. History of Anesthetic Practice // R. D. Miller, ed. Miller’s Anesthesia, 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2005.

Клиническая анестезиология / Дж. Э. Морган-мл., Мэгид С., Михаил. М.: БИНОМ, 2006.

Orser B. A. Lifting the fog around anesthesia // Scientific American, 2007. June. Pp. 54–61.

Rudolph U., Antkowiak B. Molecular and neuronal substrates for general anaesthetics // Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 2004. Vol. 5, September. Pp. 709–720.

Smith W. D. A. A history of nitrous oxide and oxygen anaesthesia, Part I: Joseph Priestley to Humphry Davy // British Journal of Anaesthesia, 1965. Vol. 37. Pp. 790–798.

Snow J. On the Inhalation of the Vapour of Ether in Surgical Operations: Containing a Description of the Various States of Etherization. London: John Churchill, 1847.

Terrell R. C. The invention and development of enflurane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane // Anesthesiology, 2008. Vol. 108. Pp. 531–533.

Thatcher V. S. History of Anesthesia, With Emphasis on the Nurse Specialist. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc, 1984.

Thoreau H. D. This Date, from Henry David Thoreau’s Journal: 1851 // http://hdt.typepad.com/henrys_blog/1851/index.html.

Thornton J. L. John Snow, Pioneer Specialist-Anaesthetist. John Snow website. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles // www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/anaesthesia5(5)_129_135_1950.pdf.

Катцунг Б. г. Базисная и клиническая фармакология: в 2-х т. М.: Бином, Диалект, 2007.

Глава 5

American Institute of Physics website. Marie Curie and the Science of Radioactivity // www.aip.org/history/curie/war1.htm.

Assmus A. Early History of X-Rays // BeamLine, 1995. Vol. 25. No. 2, Summer. Pp. 10–24.

Bowers B. X-rays: Their Discovery and Applications. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office 1970.

Brecher R., Brecher E. The Rays: A History of Radiology in the United States and Canada. Baltimore: The Williams and Wilkins Company, 1969.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mammography. National Center for Health Statistics, 2007. (Health, United States, Table 87) // www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/mammogram.htm.

Daniel T. M. Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen and the advent of thoracic radiology // The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2006. Vol. 10. No. 11. Pp. 1212–1214.

Doris C. I. Diagnostic imaging at its centennial: The past, the present, and the future // Canadian Medical Association Journal, 1995. Vol. 153. No. 9, November. Pp. 1297–1300.

Frame P. Coolidge X-ray Tubes // www.orau.org/PTP/collection/xraytubescoolidge/coolidgeinformation.htm.

Frankel R. I. Centennial of Rntgen’s discovery of X-rays // Western Journal of Medicine, 1996. Vol. 164. Pp. 497–501.

Glasser O. Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen and the Early History of the Roentgen Rays. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 1934.

Hessenbruch A. X-rays for medical use // Physics Education, 1995. Vol. 30. No. 6, November. Pp. 347–355.

Kogelnik H. D. Inauguration of radiotherapy as a new scientific specialty by Leopold Freund 100 years ago // Radiotherapy and Oncology, 1997. Vol. 42. Pp. 203–211.

Lentle B., Aldrich J. Radiological sciences, past and present // The Lancet, 1997. Vol. 350, July. Pp. 280–285.

Linton O. W. Medical applications of X Rays // BeamLine, 1995. Vol. 25. No. 2, Summer. Pp. 25–34.

Mettler F. A., Jr. Essentials of Radiology, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2005.

Mould R. F. The early history of X-ray diagnosis with em on the contributions of physics, 1895–1915 // Physics in Medicine and Biology, 1995. Vol. 40. Pp. 1741–1787.

New York Times. Dangers of x-ray: new investigation, following recent deaths, to insure scientists’ protection, 1921. May 15.

Nobelprize.org. Allan M. Cormack: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1979 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1979/cormack-autobio.html.

Nobelprize.org. Godfrey N. Hounsfield: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1979 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1979/hounsfield-autobio.html.

Nobelprize.org. Max von Laue: The Nobel Prize in Physics, 1914 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1914/laue-bio.html.

Nobelprize.org. Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen: The Nobel Prize in Physics, 1901 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1901/rontgen-bio.html.

Posner E. Reception of Rntgen’s discovery in Britain and U.S.A. // British Medical Journal, 1970. Vol. 4, November. Pp. 357–360.

Roentgen W. C. On a new kind of rays // Nature, 1896. Vol. 53. Pp. 274–277.

Schedel A. An unprecedented sensation — Public reaction to the discovery of x-rays // Physics Education, 1995. Vol. 30. No. 6, November. Pp. 342–347.

Suits C. G. William David Coolidge: Inventor, Physicist, Research Director // www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/unitarians/coolidge.html.

Sumner D. X-rays — Risks versus benefits // Physics Education, 1995. Vol. 30. No. 6, November. Pp. 338–342.

Wesolowski J. R., Lev M. H. CT: History, Technology, and Clinical Aspects // Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MRI, 2005. Vol. 26. Pp. 376–379.

Глава 6

Andre F. E. The future of vaccines, immunization concepts and practice // Vaccine, 2001. Vol. 19. Pp. 2206–2209.

Andre F. E. Vaccinology: Past achievements, present roadblocks, and future promises // Vaccine 2003. Vol. 21. Pp. 593–595.

Atkinson W., Hamborsky J., McIntyre L., Wolfe C., eds. Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 10th ed. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008, February.

Barquet N., Pere D. Smallpox: The triumph over the most terrible of the ministers of death // Annals of Internal Medicine, 1997. Vol. 127. Pp. 635–642.

Baxter D. Active and passive immunity, vaccine types, excipients and licensing // Occupational Medicine, 2007. Vol. 57. Pp. 552–556.

Bazin H. The Eradication of Smallpox. San Diego: Academic Press, 2000.

Bazin H. A brief history of the prevention of infectious diseases by immunizations // Comparative Immunology, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2003. Vol. 26. Pp. 293–308.

Behbehani A. M. The smallpox story: Life and death of an old disease // Microbiological Reviews, 1983. Vol. 47, December. Pp. 455–509.

Broome C. V. Testimony on eradication of infectious diseases. Доклад Американскому комитету по международным отношениям, 20 мая 1998 г. // www.hhs.gov/asl/testify/t980520a.html.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smallpox Overview // www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/overview/disease-facts.asp.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Some common misconceptions about vaccination and how to respond to them // www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/6mishome.htm.

Clark P. F. Theobald Smith, Student of Disease (1859–1934) // Journal of the History of Medicine, 1959. October. Pp. 490–514.

Dunlop D. R. The life and work of Louis Pasteur // The Canadian Medical Association Journal, 1928. Vol. 18. No. 3, March. Pp. 297–303.

Fleming A. Louis Pasteur // British Medical Journal, 1947. April 19. Pp. 517–522.

Hamarsten J. F., Tattersall W., Hammarsten J. E. Who discovered smallpox vaccination? Edward Jenner or Benjamin Jesty? // Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, 1979. Vol. 90. Pp. 44–55.

Hilleman M. R. Vaccines in historic evolution and perspective: A narrative of vaccine discoveries // Vaccine, 2000. Vol. 18. Pp. 1436–1447.

Huygelen C. The concept of virus attenuation in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries // Biologicals, 1997. Vol. 25. Pp. 339–345.

Jenner E. An Inquiry Into the Causes and Effects of the Variolae Vaccinae, Or Cow-Pox. 1798 // www.bartleby.com/38/4/1.html.

Kaufmann S. H. E. Immunology’s foundation: The 100-year anniversary of the Nobel Prize to Paul Ehrlich and Elie Metchnikoff // Nature Immunology, 2008. Vol. 9. No. 7, July. Pp. 705–712.

Krasner R. Pasteur: High priest of microbiology // The American Society for Microbiology. ASM News, 1995. Vol. 61. No. 11. Pp. 575–578.

Li Y., Carroll D. S., Gardner S. N. et al. On the origin of smallpox: Correlating variola phylogenics with historical smallpox records // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007. Vol. 104. No. 40, October. Pp. 15, 787–15,792.

Mullin D. Prometheus in Gloucestershire: Edward Jenner, 1749–1823 // The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2003. Vol. 112. No. 4, October. Pp. 810–814.

Nobelprize.org. Emil von Behring: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1901 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1901/behring-bio.html.

Nobelprize.org. Ilya Mechnikov: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1908 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1908/mechnikov-bio.html.

Nobelprize.org. Paul Ehrlich: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1908 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1908/ehrlich-bio.html.

Offit P. A. Thimerosal and vaccines — A cautionary tale // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2007. Vol. 357. No. 13, September. Pp. 1278–1279.

Pasteur M. An address on vaccination in relation to chicken cholera and splenic fever // The British Medical Journal, 1881. August. Pp. 283–284.

Pead P. J. Benjamin Jesty: New light in the dawn of vaccination // The Lancet, 2003. Vol. 362, December. Pp. 2104–2109.

Plotkin S. A. Vaccines: Past, present, and future // Nature Medicine Supplement, 2005. Vol. 11. No. 4, April. Pp. S5–S11.

Plotkin S. A., Orenstein W. A., Offit P. A., eds. Vaccines, 4th edition. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2004.

Schwartz M. The life and works of Louis Pasteur // Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2001. Vol. 91. Pp. 597–601.

Stern A. M., Markel H. The history of vaccines and immunization: Familiar patterns, new challenges // Health Affairs, 2005. Vol. 24. No. 3, May/June. Pp. 611–621.

U. S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves New Smallpox Vaccine, September 4, 2007 // www.fda.gov/consumer/updates/smallpox090407.html.

Глава 7

Arias C. A., Murray B. E. Antibiotic-resistant bugs in the 21st century — A clinical super-challenge // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2009. Vol. 360. January 29. Pp. 439–443.

Bassett E. J., Keith M. S., Armelagos G. J. et al. Tetracycline-labeled human bone from ancient Sudanese Nubia (A.D. 350) // Science, 1980. Vol. 209. No. 4464, September 26. Pp. 1532–1534.

Bentley S. D., Chater K. F., Cerdeo-Trraga A. M. et al. Complete genome sequence of the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) // Nature, 2002. Vol. 417, May 9. Pp. 141–147.

Brunel J. Antibiosis from Pasteur to Fleming // Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1951. Vol. 6. No. 3, Summer. Pp. 287–301.

Capasso L. Infectious diseases and eating habits at Herculaneum (1st Century AD, Southern Italy) // International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 2007. Vol. 17. Pp. 350–357.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Environmental Management of Staph and MRSA in Community Settings // www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar_mrsa_Enviro_Manage.html.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Healthcare-Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) // www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar_mrsa.html.

Chain E., Florey H. W. The discovery of the chemotherapeutic properties of penicillin // British Medical Bulletin, 1944. Vol. 2. No. 1. Pp. 5–6.

Chain E. B. The chemical structure of the penicillins. Nobel Lecture, 1946. March 20 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1945/chain-lecture.html.

Chain E. B. Fleming’s contribution to the discovery of penicillin // Trends in Biochemical Sciences (TIBS), 1979. June. Pp. 143–144.

Chater K. F. Streptomyces inside-out: A new perspective on the bacteria that provide us with antibiotics // Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 2006. Vol. 361. Pp. 761–768.

Davies J. Microbes have the last word. European Molecular Biology Organization // EMBO Reports, 2007. Vol. 8. No. 7. Pp. 616–621.

Diggins F. W. E. The true history of the discovery of penicillin, with refutation of the misinformation in the literature // British Journal of Biomedical Science, 1999. Vol. 56. No. 2. Pp. 83–93.

Fleming A. The discovery of penicillin // British Medical Bulletin, 1944. Vol. 2. No. 1. Pp. 4–5.

Fleming A. Penicillin. Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1945 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1945/fleming-lecture.html.

Fleming A. Penicillin: Its Practical Application. Philadelphia: The Blakiston Company, 1946.

Fraser-Moodie W. Struggle against infection // Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 1971. Vol. 64, January. Pp. 87–94.

Fridkin S. K., Hagerman J. C., Morrison M. et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus disease in three communities // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2005. Vol. 352, April 7. Pp. 1436–1444.

Grossman C. M. The first use of penicillin in the United States // Annals of Internal Medicine, 2008. Vol. 149. Pp. 135–136.

Hare R. New light on the history of penicillin // Medical History, 1982. Vol. 26. Pp. 1–24.

Henderson J. W. The yellow brick road to penicillin: A story of serendipity // Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 1997. Vol. 72. Pp. 683–687.

Hobby G. L. Microbiology in relation to antibiotics // Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1951. Vol. VI, Summer. Pp. 369–387.

Hopwood D. A. Forty years of genetics with Streptomyces: From in vivo through in vitro to in silico // Microbiology, 1999. Vol. 145. Pp. 2183–2202.

Kingston W. Antibiotics, invention, and innovation // Research Policy, 2000. Vol. 29. No. 6, June. Pp. 679–710.

Moellering R. C., Jr. Past, present, and future of antimicrobial agents // The American Journal of Medicine, 1995. Vol. 99 (suppl 6A), December 29. Pp. 11S-18S.

Murray J. F. A century of tuberculosis // American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2004. Vol. 169. Pp. 1181–1186.

Mycek M. J., Harvey R. A., Champe P. C. et al., eds. Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000.

Naseri I., Jerris R. C., Sobol S. E. Nationwide trends in pediatric Staphylococcus aureus head and neck infections // Archives of Otolaryngology — Head & Neck Surgery, 2009. Vol. 135. No. 1. January. Pp. 14–16.

Nobelprize.org. Gerhard Domagk: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1939 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1939/domagk-bio.html.

Nobelprize.org. Selman A. Waksman: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1952 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1952/waksman-bio.html.

Nobelprize.org. Sir Albert Fleming, Ernst Boris Chain, and Sir Howard Walter Florey: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1945 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1945/index.html.

Noble W. C. The sulphonamides: An early British perspective // Journl of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 1986. Vol. 17. Pp. 690–693.

Otten H. Domagk and the development of the sulphonamides // Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 1986. Vol. 17. Pp. 689–690.

Pelez F. The historical delivery of antibiotics from microbial natural products — Can history repeat? // Biochemical Pharmacology, 2006. Vol. 71. No. 7, March 30. Pp. 981–990.

Penicillin in action // The Lancet, 1941. August. Pp. 191–192.

Penicillin in America // The Lancet, 1943. July. P. 106.

Saxon W. Anne Miller, 90, first patient who was saved by penicillin // The New York Times, 1999. June 9.

Wainwright M., Swan H. T. C. G. Paine and the earliest surviving clinical records of penicillin therapy // Medical History, 1986. Vol. 30. Pp. 42–56.

Wainwright M. The history of the therapeutic use of crude penicillin // Medical History, 1987. Vol. 31. Pp. 41–50.

Wainwright M. Moulds in ancient and more recent medicine, 2006. January 20 // http://www.davidmoore.org.uk/Assets/fungi4schools/Reprints/Mycologist_articles/Post-16/Medical/V03pp021-023folk_medicine.pdf.

Waksman S. A. Streptomycin: Background, isolation, properties, and utilization. Nobel Lecture, 1952. December 12 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1952/waksman-lecture.html.

Waksman S., Schullian D. M., eds. History of the word «antibiotic» // Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1973. July. Pp. 284–286.

Watve M. G., Tickoo R., Jog M. M., Bhole B. D. How many antibiotics are produced by the genus Streptomyces? // Archives of Microbiology, 2001. Vol. 176. Pp. 386–390.

Wennergren G. One sometimes finds what one is not looking for (Sir Alexander Fleming): The most important medical discovery of the 20th century // Acta Paediatrica, 2007. Vol. 96. Pp. 141–144.

Wiedemann H. R. Gerhard Domagk // European Journal of Pediatric, 1990. Vol. 149. P. 379.

Williams D. E. Patsy’s Cure. Сайт Американского торакального общества // www.thoracic.org/sections/about-ats/centennial/vignettes/articles/vignette4.html.

Глава 8

Avery O. T., MacLeod C. M., McCarty M. Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types // The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1944. Vol. 79. No. 2, February 1. Pp. 137–158.

Brush S. G. Nettie M. Stevens and the discovery of sex determination by chromosomes // Isis, 1978. Vol. 69. No. 247, June. Pp. 163–172.

Crow E. W., Crow J. F. 100 years ago: Walter Sutton and the chromosome theory of heredity // Genetics, 2002. Vol. 160, January. Pp. 1–4.

Dahm R. Friedrich Miescher and the discovery of DNA // Developmental Biology, 2005. Vol. 278. No. 2. Pp. 274–288.

Dahm R. Discovering DNA: Friedrich Miescher and the early years of nucleic acid research // Human Genetics, 2008. Vol. 122. Pp. 565–581.

Dunn L. C. Mendel, his work and his place in history // Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 1965. Vol. 109. No. 4, August. Pp. 189–198.

Fairbanks D. J. A century of genetics // USDA Forest Service Proceedings, 2001. Vol. RMRS-P-21. Pp. 42–46.

Feinberg A. P. Epigenetics at the epicenter of modern medicine // Journal of the American Medical Association, 2008. Vol. 299. No. 11, March 19. Pp. 1345–1350.

Fuller W. Who said «helix»? Right and wrong in the story of how the structure of DNA was discovered // Nature, 2003. Vol. 424, August 21. Pp. 876–878.

Galton D. J. Archibald E. Garrod (1857–1936) // Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease, 2008. Vol. 31. Pp. 561–566.

Glass B. A century of biochemical genetics // Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 1965. Vol. 109. No. 4, August. Pp. 227–236.

Glass B. The long neglect of genetic discoveries and the criterion of prematurity // Journal of the History of Biology, 1974. Vol. 7. No. 1, Spring. Pp. 101–110.

Goldstein D. B. Common genetic variation and human traits // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2009. Vol. 360. No. 17, April 23. Pp. 1696–1698.

Harper P. S. William Bateson, human genetics and medicine // Human Genetics, 2005. Vol. 118. Pp. 141–151.

Harper P. S. The discovery of the human chromosome number in Lund, 1955–1956 // Human Genetics, 2006. Vol. 119. Pp. 226–232.

Hartl D. L., Orel V. What did Gregor Mendel think he discovered? // Genetics, 1992. Vol. 131, June. Pp. 245–253.

James J. Miescher’s discoveries of 1869: A centenary of nuclear chemistry // The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 1970. Vol. 18. No. 3, March. Pp. 217–219.

Judson H. F. The greatest surprise for everyone — notes on the 50th anniversary of the double helix // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2003. Vol. 348. No. 17, April 24. Pp. 1712–1714.

Klug A. Rosalind Franklin and the discovery of the structure of DNA // Nature, 1968. Vol. 219, August 24. Pp. 808–810; 843–844.

Klug A. The discovery of the DNA double helix // Journal of Molecular Biology, 2004. Vol. 335. Pp. 3–26.

Kohn D. B., Candotti F. Gene therapy fulfilling its promise // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2009. Vol. 360. No. 5, January 29. Pp. 518–521.

Kraft P., Hunter D. J. Genetic risk prediction — are we there yet? // The New England Journal of Medicine, 2009. Vol. 360, No. 17, April 23. Pp. 1701–1703.

Lagnado J. Past times: From pabulum to prions (via DNA): a tale of two Griffiths // The Biochemist, 2005. August. Pp. 33–35.

Lederman M. Research note: Genes on chromosomes: The conversion of Thomas Hunt Morgan // Journal of the History of Biology, 1989. Vol. 22. No. 1, Spring. Pp. 163–176.

Macgregor R. B., Poon G. M. K. The DNA double helix fifty years on // Computational Biology and Chemistry, 2003. Vol. 27. Pp. 461–467.

Mazzarello P. A unifying concept: the history of cell theory // Nature Cell Biology, 1999. May. No. 1. Pp. E13–E15.

Mendel G. Experiments in plant hybridization, 1865. Доклад прочитан 8 февраля и 8 марта 1865 г. на собраниях Общества естественной истории Брюнна // http://www.esp.org/foundations/genetics/classical/gm-65.pdf.

National Institute of General Medical Sciences. The New Genetics // http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/thenewgenetics/chapter1.html.

Nobelprize.org. Thomas Hunt Morgan: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1933 // http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1933.

O’Connor C. Isolating hereditary material: Frederick Griffith, Oswald Avery, Alfred Hershey, and Martha Chase // Nature Education, 2008. Vol. 1, No. 1.

Paweletz N. Walther Flemming: Pioneer of mitosis research // Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2001. No. 2, January. Pp. 72–75.

Rosenberg L. E. Legacies of Garrod’s brilliance: One hundred years — and counting // Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease, 2008. Vol. 31. Pp. 574–579.

Sandler I. Development: Mendel’s legacy to genetics // Genetics, 2000. Vol. 154, January. Pp. 7–11.

Schultz M. Rudolf Virchow // Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2008. Vol. 14. No. 9, September. Pp. 1480–1481.

Smith J. E. H., ed. Introduction // The Problem of Animal Generation in Early Modern Philosophy. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Stevenson I. A new look at maternal impressions: an analysis of 50 published cases and reports of two recent examples // Journal of Scientific Exploration, 1992. Vol. 6. No. 4. Pp. 353–373.

Sturtevant A. H. A History of Genetics. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2001.

Trask B. J. Human cytogenetics: 46 chromosomes, 46 years and counting // Nature Reviews Genetics, 2002. Vol. 3, October. Pp. 769–778.

Tschermak-Seysenegg E. The rediscovery of Gregor Mendel’s work: an historic retrospect // The Journal of Heredity, 1951. Vol. 42. No. 4. Pp. 163–171.

U. S. Department of Energy. DOE Joint Genome Institute website (множество статей и дополнительной информации об исследовании человеческого генома) // www.jgi.doe.gov.

U. S. Department of Energ. Human Genome Project Information website (множество статей и дополнительной информации о проекте «Геном человека») // http://genomics.energy.gov.

U. S. Library of Medicine. The Marshall W. Nirenberg Papers // http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov.

U. S. National Institutes of Health. Genes or environment? Epigenetics sheds light on debate // NIH News in Health, 2006. February.

Страницы: «« 12345678 »»

Читать бесплатно другие книги:

«Здесь живые и мертвые бьются плечом к плечу, не разбирая оружия, ибо не в оружии дело. Здесь в битв...
На основе понимания процессуальной функции следователя как уголовного преследования в досудебном про...
Тысячи книг написаны о советском хоккее и столько же будет написано еще. Однако книгу, которую читат...
Это произведение о молодом человеке, который с самого раннего детства был под неустанной «опекой» ма...
Бывший вор и циркач по прозвищу Маг теперь служит агентом сыска. Один из лучших сыщиков убойного отд...
Даже в самой неприметной жизни могут случиться большие неприятности. А из честной верноподданной лег...