Ïðèâû÷êè íà âñþ æèçíü. Íàó÷íûé ïîäõîä ê ôîðìèðîâàíèþ óñòîé÷èâûõ ïðèâû÷åê ßíã Øîí
Ñïàñèáî âàì, ìîè íàñòàâíèêè è êîëëåãè ïî Êàëèôîðíèéñêîìó óíèâåðñèòåòó. Îñîáàÿ áëàãîäàðíîñòü Áîáó Êàïëàíó, Òîìó Êîóòñó è Ñòèâó Øîïòî, êîòîðûå ïðèâåëè ìåíÿ â ýòîò óíèâåðñèòåò, à òàêæå äðóãèì ìîèì êîëëåãàì è íàñòàâíèêàì, äîêòîðàì Ñòèâó Ýëëèñó èç Èññëåäîâàòåëüñêîãî öåíòðà Ýéìñà, Äæåôôðè Êëàóñíåðó, Äæèíó Áëîêó, Êðèñó Êîëóýëëó, Àëåêñó Õîôôìàíó, Ýëèçàðó Ýñêèíó, Êèòó Õàéíöåðëèíãó, Ëèëèàí Ãåëáåðã, Äóãó Áåëëó, Äæóäè Ãàññîí, Äæîíó Õàéàòòó, Ìîðèí Óîëòîí, Ýðèí Áîíàð, Õîñå Áàóìàéñòåðó, Ïàòðèêó Ñàëëèâàíó, Õåíäðèêñó Áðàóíó è Áðàéàíó Ìóñòàíñêè. Ñïàñèáî âàì, Ãëîðèÿ Âàðãåçå, Ýëèñîí Îðêèí, Êèï Êàíòåëî è ýòè÷åñêèé êîìèòåò Êàëèôîðíèéñêîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà çà âàøó ïîääåðæêó è îòçûâû.
Ñïàñèáî ìîèì ñîòðóäíèêàì è ñòóäåíòàì â Èíñòèòóòå ïðîãíîñòè÷åñêèõ òåõíîëîãèé Êàëèôîðíèéñêîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà (UCIPT), îñîáåííî ïðîôåññîðàì Âåþ Âàíãó, Ìàéêó Êýðè, Àìàðíàòó Ãóïòå, Ñòåôàíè Ñòðàòäè, Êðèñòèí Êèðêïàòðèê, Âàññèëèñó Òðîòðàñó, ×åíó Ëè, Äæåéìñó Ôàóëåðó è Âàãåëèñó Õðèñòèäèñó. Ñïàñèáî ìîåé èññëåäîâàòåëüñêîé ãðóïïå è ñòóäåíòàì, êîòîðûå ïîìîãàëè ïðîâîäèòü èññëåäîâàíèÿ è äàâàëè îòçûâû: Êèðàíó Ãèëëó, Õàðêèðàíó Ãèëëó, Äæàñòèíó Òîìàñó, Ëèíâóäó Ëîðäó, Ñàíàìó Øàìòîáè è ìíîãèì, ìíîãèì äðóãèì. Î÷åíü ïðèçíàòåëåí Äýâèäó Áû÷êîâó çà êîëîññàëüíóþ ïîääåðæêó è âåðó â íàøó ðàáîòó.
ß íå ñìîã áû îáîéòèñü áåç ïîìîùè ñïîíñîðîâ. Ýòî Ðîçìàðè Ìàêêåéã, Êàðëè Óèëüÿìñ, Ãðåã Ãðèíâóä, Ñþçàííà Ýëëèñîí, Êðèñ Ãîðäîí, Ýíäðþ Ôîðñàéò è ìíîãèå äðóãèå â Íàöèîíàëüíûõ èíñòèòóòàõ çäðàâîîõðàíåíèÿ. Äæîíàòàí Ëè, Ýììà Çîðåíñêè, Âàé Íãóåí, Áðèäæåò Óèëüÿìñ èç Basis/Intel; Êåëëè Óèíòåðñ èç Facebook; Ìàðê Ìàêãðàò è êîìàíäà AHF, à òàêæå Êàðèíà Âîíã è Ýìèëè Ëîêâóä èç Gates Foundation, Ìåéåð è Ðåíå Ëàñêèí. Ñïàñèáî, ÷òî âäîõíîâèëè ìåíÿ íàïèñàòü ýòó êíèãó è ïîääåðæèâàëè ìîþ ðàáîòó!
È ïîñëåäíåå, íî, áåçóñëîâíî, íå ìåíåå âàæíîå. ß õî÷ó ïîáëàãîäàðèòü ó÷àñòíèêîâ íàøèõ èññëåäîâàíèé, îñîáåííî ëèäåðîâ íàøèõ îíëàéí-ñîîáùåñòâ HOPE. Âû áûëè íàñòîÿùèì âäîõíîâåíèåì äëÿ ìåíÿ, è òîëüêî áëàãîäàðÿ âàøåìó ñòðåìëåíèþ äåëàòü áëàãî äëÿ îáùåñòâà ÿ ñìîã ïîâëèÿòü íà ýòîò ìèð.
Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ àâòîðà
Ãëàâà 1. Íàóêà óñòîé÷èâûõ èçìåíåíèé
‹‹1›› Nik Wallenda: About, http://nikwallenda.com/about-us/.
‹‹2›› Nik Wallenda, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nik_Wallenda.
‹‹3›› Diet Starts Today… and Ends on Friday: How We Quickly Slip Back into Bad Eating Habits within a Few Days, Daily Mail, September 16, 2013, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2421737/Diet-starts-today-ends-Friday-How-quickly-slip-bad-eating-habits-days.html.
‹‹4›› Dieting Does Not Work, UCLA Researchers Report, University of California at Los Angeles, April 3, 2007, http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/Dieting-Does-Not-Work-UCLA-Researchers-7832.
‹‹5›› Aurel O. Iuga, and Maura J. McGuire. Adherence and Health Care Costs, Risk Management and Healthcare Policy 7 (2014): 35–44.
‹‹6›› Bruce Jaspen. U.S. Workforce Illness Costs $576B Annually from Sick Days to Workers’ Compensation, Forbes, September 12, 2012, http://www.forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2012/09/12/u-s-work-forceillness-costs-576b-annually-from-sick-days-to-workers-compensation/#4cba1ad27256.
‹‹7›› Ëè÷íàÿ áåñåäà ñ Äæîøåì Íàâîé, 14 ôåâðàëÿ 2017 ãîäà.
‹‹8›› Ëè÷íàÿ áåñåäà ñ Òîìîì Ñîñíîôôîì, 8 ôåâðàëÿ 2016 ãîäà.
‹‹9›› Lars Osterberg, and Terrence Blaschke. Adherence to Medication, New England Journal of Medicine 353 (2005): 487–497.
‹‹10›› Ó ó÷àñòíèêîâ íàøèõ âìåøàòåëüñòâ äëÿ óñòîé÷èâûõ èçìåíåíèé áûë â äâà ðàçà áîëüøèé øàíñ èçìåíèòüñÿ (44 % ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ 20 % â îäíîì èññëåäîâàíèè è 17 è 7 % ïðîöåíòîâ â äðóãîì). Ìû ïîâòîðíî îáñëåäîâàëè ýòè ãðóïïû ÷åðåç 15 ìåñÿöåâ è îáíàðóæèëè, ÷òî ðåçóëüòàòû ñîõðàíèëèñü. Ñì.: Enrique Rivero, Combo of Social Media, Behavior Psychology Leads to HIV Testing, Better Health Behaviors, last modified September 4, 2013, http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/behavioral-psychology-social-media-248056.
‹‹11›› Daily Routines, Ernest Hemingway, http://dailyroutines.typepad.com/daily_routines/2008/01/ernest-hemingwa.html.
‹‹12›› Antonella Gasbarri, Assunta Pompili, Mark G. Packard, and Carlos Tomaz, Habit Learning and Memory in Mammals: Behavioral and Neural Characteristics, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 114 (October 2014): 198–208.
‹‹13›› R. B. Zajonc, 1980. Feeling and Thinking: Preferences need no Inferences, American Psychologist 35, no. 2 (1980): 151–175.
Ãëàâà 2. Ëåñòíèöà
‹‹1›› Brad Delson, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brad_Delson.
‹‹2›› Karen E. Jacowitz and Daniel Kahneman, Measures of Anchoring in Estimation Tasks, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21 (1995): 1161–1166.
‹‹3›› U.S. Government Printing Office. Day Trading: An Overview, September 16, 1999, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-106shrg61159/html/CHRG-106shrg61159.htm; «Do 95 % of all traders lose?» HubPages, April 29, 2011, https://hubpages.com/money/Do-95-percent-of-all-traders-lose.
‹‹4›› Jack D. Schwager, Market Wizards: Interview with Top Traders (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2013).
‹‹5›› Alexander M. Freud and Marie Hennecke, Changing Eating Behaviour vs. Losing Weight: The Role of Goal Focus for Weight Loss in Overweight Women, Psychology & Health 27, no. 2 (2012): 25–42.
‹‹6›› Shelley E. Taylor, Lien B. Pham, Inna D. Rivkin, and David A. Armor, Harnessing the Imagination: Mental Simulation, Self-Regulation, and Coping, American Psychologist 53, no. 4 (1998): 429–439. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.53.4.429.
‹‹7›› Lien B. Pham and Shelley E. Taylor, From Thought to Action: Effects of Process-Versus Outcome-Based Mental Simulations on Performance, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25, no. 2 (1999): 250–260.
‹‹8›› Gabriele Oettingen, Positive Fantasy and Motivation, in The Psychology of Action: Linking Cognition and Motivation to Behavior, ed. P. M. Gollwitzer and J. A. Bargh, (New York: Guilford, 1996) 236–259.
‹‹9›› John R. Doyle, Survey of Time Preference, Delay Discounting Models, Judgment and Decision Making 8, no. 2 (2013): 116–135.
‹‹10›› Philippe N. Tobler, Christopher D. Fiorillo, and Wolfram Schultz, Adaptive Coding of Reward Value by Dopamine Neurons. Science (New York, NY.) 307, no. 5715 (2005): 1642–1645, doi:10.1126/science.1105370.
‹‹11›› Tabla, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabla.
‹‹12›› Lisa S. Blackwell, Kali H. Trzesniewski, and Carol Sorich Dweck, «Implicit Theories of Intelligence Predict Achievement Across an Adolescent Transition: A Longitudinal Study and an Intervention» Child Development 78, no. 1 (2007): 246–263, doi:10.1111/j.1467–8624.2007.00995.x.
‹‹13›› Rebecca L. Shively, and Carey S. Ryan, Longitudinal Changes in College Math Students’ Implicit Theories of Intelligence. Social Psychology of Education 16, no. 2 (2013): 241–56, doi:10.1007/s11218-012-9208-0.
‹‹14›› Second Life, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life.
‹‹15›› Gustavo Saposnik, Mindy Levin, and for the Stroke Outcome Research Canada (SORCan) Working Group, Virtual Reality in Stroke Rehabilitation. Stroke 42, no. 5 (2011): 1380–1386, doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.605451.
‹‹16›› Page L. Anderson, Matthew Price, Shannan M. Edwards, Mayowa A. Obasaju, Stefan K. Schmertz, Elana Zimand, and Martha R. Calamaras, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 81, no. 5 (2013): 751–760, doi:10.1037/a0033559.
‹‹17›› Creating Virtual Worlds to Train Your Salesforce, Direct Selling Education Foundation, May 16, 2012, http://dsef.org/creating-virtual-worlds-to-train-your-salesforce/.
‹‹18›› Sexy Nude Beach, Second Life, http://maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Sexy%20Nude%20Beach/220/150/23.
‹‹19›› David R. Bassett, Holly R. Wyatt, Helen Thompson, John C. Peters, and James O. Hill, Pedometer-Measured Physical Activity and Health Behaviors in U.S. Adults, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 42, no. 10 (2010): 1819–1825, doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181dc2e54.
‹‹20›› Albert Bandura, Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall 1986).
‹‹21›› Linkin Park, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkin_Park.
‹‹22›› Evan Polman, Effects of Self — Other Decision Making on Regulatory Focus and Choice Overload, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 102 no. 5 (2012): 980–993, doi:10.1037/a0026966.
‹‹23›› MyFitnessPal Acquires Rock Health-Backed Coaching Startup, Sessions, Business Wire, February 19, 2014, http://www.business-wire.com/news/home/20140219005652/en/MyFitnessPal-Acquires-Rock-Health-Backed-Coaching-Startup-Sessions#.VKISyf8CAJQ.
Ãëàâà 3. Ñîîáùåñòâî
‹‹1›› Devanie Angel, The Power of Cults, August 12, 2004, https://www.newsreview.com/chico/power-of-cults/content?oid=31494.
‹‹2›› Democratic Workers Party, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Workers_Party.
‹‹3›› Rebecca Schweier, Matthias Romppel, Cynthia Richter, Eike Hoberg, Harry Hahmann, Inge Scherwinski, Gregor Kosmtzky, and Gesine Grande, A Web-Based Peer-Modeling Intervention Aimed at Lifestyle Changes in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Chronic Back Pain: Sequential Controlled Trial, Journal of Medical Internet Research 16 no. 7 (2014): e177, doi:10.2196/jmir.3434.
‹‹4›› Karen Foster and Dale Spencer, It’s Just a Social Thing: Drug Use, Friendship and Borderwork among Marginalized Young People, The International Journal on Drug Policy 24, no. 3 (2013): 223–230, doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.12.005.
‹‹5›› Robert Downey, Jr., http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Downey_Jr.
‹‹6›› Udovitch, Mim. 2003. The Sobering Life of Robert Downey, Jr., The New York Times Magazine, October 19, http://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/19/magazine/the-sobering-life-of-robert-downey-jr.html?pagewanted=2.
‹‹7›› Sean D. Young, A. David Nussbaum, and Benoit Monin, Potential Moral Stigma and Reactions to Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Evidence for a Disjunction Fallacy, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 33, no. 6 (2007): 789–799, doi:10.1177/0146167207301027.
‹‹8›› Mark L. Hatzenbuehler, Jo C. Phelan, and Bruce G. Link, Stigma as a Fundamental Cause of Population Health Inequalities, American Journal of Public Health 103, no. 5 (2013): 813–821, doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301069.
‹‹9›› W. W. Darrow, J. E. Montanea, H. Gladwin. AIDS-related Stigma Among Black and Hispanic Young Adults, AIDS and Behavior. 2009; 13 (6), 1178–1188.
‹‹10›› Sean D. Young, William G. Cumberland, Sung-Jae Lee, Devan Jaganath, Greg Szekeres, and Thomas Coates as Emerging Tool social networking technologies for HIV Prevention: A Cluster Randomized Trials Annals of Internal Medicine 159, no. 5 (20130): 318erna, doi:10.7326/0003-4819-159-5-201309030-00005.
‹‹11›› Sean D. Young, William G. Cumberland, Sung-Jae Lee, Devan Jaganath, Greg Szekeres, and Thomas Coates as Emerging Tool social networking technologies for HIV Prevention: A Cluster Randomized Trials Annals of Internal Medicine 159, no. 5 (20130): 318erna, doi:10.7326/0003-4819-159-5-201309030-00005.
‹‹12›› Sean D. Young, Social Media Technologies for HIV Prevention Study Retention among Minority Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM), AIDS and Behavior 18, no. 9 (3014): 1625–29, doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0604-z.
‹‹13›› Ñîîáùåíèå â ñîîáùåñòâå HOPE ïî çàâèñèìîñòè îò îïèîèäîâ îò 25 èþëÿ 2016 ãîäà.
‹‹14›› Ñîîáùåíèå â ñîîáùåñòâå HOPE ïî çàâèñèìîñòè îò îïèîèäîâ îò 25 èþëÿ 2016 ãîäà.
‹‹15›› Ëè÷íàÿ áåñåäà ñ Ìàòååì Çàõàðèåé îò 26 ÿíâàðÿ 2015 ãîäà.
‹‹16›› Samuel Adams, Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/SamuelAdams.
‹‹17›› Dos Equis, Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/DosEquis?ref=br_tf.
‹‹18›› Ñ 1 ÿíâàðÿ ïî 31 äåêàáðÿ 2013 ãîäà Dos Equis ïðîäàëè 7 910 841 ÿùèêîâ ïèâà íà ñóììó $236 406 880. Sam Adams ïðîäàëè 10 453 300 ÿùèêîâ íà ñóììó $329 422 200. 2014 U.S. Beer Category Report, http://www.bevindustry.com/2014beercategoryreport.
‹‹19›› Ëè÷íàÿ áåñåäà ñ Ìàðèíîé Çäîáíîâîé, 8 ÿíâàðÿ 2017 ãîäà.
‹‹20›› Ëè÷íàÿ áåñåäà ñ ÷ëåíîì Santa Monica New Tech Òåðåíñ Ëåì 8 ÿíâàðÿ 2017 ãîäà.
Ãëàâà 4. Âàæíîñòü
‹‹1›› Jeremy P. Jamieson, Wendy Berry Mendes, and Matthew K. Nock, Improving Acute Stress Responses: The Power of Reappraisal. Current Directions in Psychological Science 22, no. 1 (2013): 51–56, doi:10.1177/0963721412461500.
‹‹2›› Lindsey McDougle, Sara Konrath, Marlene Walk, and Femida Handy, Religious and Secular Coping Strategies and Mortality Risk among Older Adults, Social Indicators Research 125, no. 2 (2016): 677–694, doi:10.1007/s11205-014-0852-y.
‹‹3›› United Nations Development Programme, Poverty Reduction Scaling Up Local Innovations for Transformational Change http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Poverty%20Reduction/Participatory%20Local%20Development/Mexico_Progresa_web.pdf.
‹‹4›› Peter Bate, The Story Behind Oportunidades: How Two Visionary Social Scientists Forged a Program that Has Changed the Lives of Millions of Mexicans, Inter-American Development Bank, October 1, 2004, http://www.iadb.org/en/news/webstories/2004-10-01/the-story-behindioportunidadesi,5552.html.
‹‹5›› «Oportunidades Mexico: A Brief Look at Its History» LACS 101, November 22, 2013, http://lacs101.academic.wlu.edu/2013/11/22/oportunidades-mexico-a-brief-loo/.
‹‹6›› George E. Vaillant, Triumphs of Experience: The Men of the Harvard Grant Study (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press 2012).
‹‹7›› Tristen K. Inagaki, and Naomi I. Eisenberger, Shared Neural Mechanisms Underlying Social Warmth and Physical Warmth, Psychological Science 24, no. 11 (2013): 2272–80, doi:10.1177/0956797613492773.
‹‹8›› Naomi I. Eisenberger, Matthew Lieberman, and Kipling D. Williams, Does Rejection Hurt? An fMRI Study of Social Exclusion, Science, 302: 290–292.
‹‹9›› Nathan C. Dewall, Geoff Macdonald, Gregory D. Webster, Carrie L. Masten, Roy F. Baumeister, Caitlin Powell, David Combs, et al, Acetaminophen Reduces Social Pain: Behavioral and Neural Evidence. Psychological Science 21, no. 7 (2010): 931–937, doi:10.1177/0956797610374741.
‹‹10›› Don Francisco (television host), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Francisco_(television_host).
‹‹11›› Zach’s Story, http://zacharycrottystory.blogspot.com/p/a-mothers-journey.html è http://friendsdontletfriendsdie.com/smf/index.php?topic=385.0.
‹‹12›› Ñîîáùåíèå â ñîîáùåñòâå HOPE îò 25 èþëÿ 2016 ãîäà.
‹‹13›› William Addis (entrepreneur), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Addis_(entrepreneur).
‹‹14›› Ying-Yao Cheng, Paichi Pat Shein, and Wen-Bin Chiou, Escaping the Impulse to Immediate Gratification: The Prospect Concept Promotes a Future-Oriented Mindset, Prompting an Inclination towards Delayed Gratification, British Journal of Psychology 103, no. 1 (2012): 129–141, doi:10.im/j.2044–8295.20n.02067.x.
‹‹15›› CFED, Assets and Opportunities Scorecard, http://assetsandopportunity.org/scorecard/about/main_findings/.
‹‹16›› Ëè÷íàÿ áåñåäà ñ Òîìîì Ïàãìàéðîì, 6 ÿíâàðÿ 2017 ãîäà.
‹‹17›› Hal Hershfield, You Make Better Decisions if You ‘See’ Your Senior Self, Harvard Business Review, June 2013, https://hbr.org/2013/06/you-make-better-decisions-if-you-see-your-senior-self.
‹‹18›› Nicholas A. Christakis, and Paul D. Allison, Mortality after the Hospitalization of a Spouse, New England Journal of Medicine 354, no. 7 (2006): 719–730, doi:10.1056/NEJMsa050196.
‹‹19›› Chad Schultz, Do People Really Fear Public Speaking More Than Death? TM Vision, http://tmvision.org/speaking/people-fear-public-speaking-death/.
Ãëàâà 5. Ëåãêîñòü
‹‹1›› Joe Coulombe, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Coulombe.
‹‹2›› 7-Eleven, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-Eleven.
‹‹3›› Trader Joe’s, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trader_Joe%27s.
‹‹4›› Beth Kowitt, Inside the Secret World of Trader Joe’s, Fortune, August 20 2010, http://archive.fortune.com/2010/08/20/news/companies/inside_trader_joes_full_version.fortune/index.htm.
‹‹5›› Hein de Vries, Sander M. Eggers, and Catherine Bolman, The Role of Action Planning and Plan Enactment for Smoking Cessation, BMC Public Health 13(April 2013): 393, doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-393.
‹‹6›› Carla Alexia Campbell, Robert A. Hahn, Randy Elder, Robert Brewer, Sajal Chattopadhyay, Jonathan Fielding, Timothy S. Naimi, Traci Toomey, Briana Lawrence, and Jennifer Cook Middleton, «The Effectiveness of Limiting Alcohol Outlet Density As a Means of Reducing Excessive Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol-Related Harms, American Journal of Preventive Medicine 37, no. 6 (2009): 556–569, doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.028.
‹‹7›› Bridget Freisthler, and Paul J. Gruenewald, Examining the Relationship between the Physical Availability of Medical Marijuana and Marijuana Use across Fifty California Cities, Drug and Alcohol Dependence 143(October 2014): 244–250, doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.07.036.
‹‹8›› Stanley Milgram, Behavioral Study of Obedience, The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 67, no. 4 (1963): 371–378, doi:10.1037/h0040525.
‹‹9›› Stanley Milgram, Some Conditions of Obedience and Disobedience to Authority, Human Relations 18, no. 1 (1965): 57–76, doi:10.1177/001872676501800105.
‹‹10›› Nick Haslam, Steve Loughnan, and Gina Perry, Meta-Milgram: An Empirical Synthesis of the Obedience Experiments, PLoS ONE 9, no. 4 (2014), doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093927.
‹‹11›› L. Festinger, S. Schachter, and K. W. Back, Social Pressures in Informal Groups: A Study of Human Factors in Housing (New York: Harper, 1950).
‹‹12›› Chadwick Martin Bailey, Match.com and Chadwick Martin Bailey 2009–2010 Studies: Recent Trends: Online Dating, http://cp.match.com/cppp/media/CMB_Study.pdf.
‹‹13›› Jonathan D. D’Angelo, and Catalina L. Toma, There Are Plenty of Fish in the Sea: The Effects of Choice Overload and Reversibility on Online Daters’ Satisfaction With Selected Partners, Media Psychology 20, no. 1 (2017): 1–27, doi:10.1080/15213269.2015.1121827.
‹‹14›› S. S. Iyengar and M. R. Lepper, When Choice Is Demotivating: Can One Desire Too Much of a Good Thing?» Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 no. 6 (2000): 995–1006.
‹‹15›› S. S. Iyengar, Wei Jiang, and Gur Huberman, How Much Choice Is Too Much? Contributions to 401(k) Retirement Plans, Philadelphia, PA: Pension Research Council, http://www.nagdca.org/dnn/Portals/45/2015Annual/16.%20How%20much%20choice%20is%20too%20much%20choice.pdf.
‹‹16›› H. Leventhal, R. Singer, and S. Jones, Effects of Fear and Specificity of Recommendation Upon Attitudes and Behavior, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2(July 1965): 20–29.
‹‹17›› Women spend nearly one year deciding what to wear, The Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/5783991/Women-spend-nearly-one-year-deciding-what-to-wear.html.
‹‹18›› Jason Abbruzzese, Why Zuck and other successful men wear the same thing every day, Mashable, last modified November 17 2014, http://mashable.com/2014/11/17/mark-zuckerberg-and-other-in-sanely-successful-people-wear-the-same-thing-every-day-and-for-good-reason/#SAiv3lQTDuqR.
‹‹19›› Matilda Kahl, Why I Wear the Exact Same Thing to Work Every Day, Harpers Bazaar, last modified April 3 2015, http://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a10441/why-i-wear-the-same-thing-to-work-everday/.
‹‹20›› Christy Rutherford, Matilda Kahl Negotiated with Zara for her Work Uniform, Harpers Bazaar, last modified April 9 2015, http://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a10528/matilda-kahl-workuniform-buying-in-bulk/.
‹‹21›› L. Ross and A. Ward, Naive Realism in Everyday Life: Implications for Social Conflict and Misunderstanding, In Values and Knowledge, ed. T. Brown, E. S. Reed and E. Turiel (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1996), 103–135.
‹‹22›› J. Froyd and J. Layne, Faculty Development Strategies for Overcoming the ‘Curse of Knowledge’, 2008 38th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference, S4D-13-S4D-16, doi:10.1109/FIE.2008.4720529.
‹‹23›› Ibid., Do 95 % of all traders lose?
‹‹24›› Gustaf Torngren and Henry Montgomery, Worse Than Chance? Performance and Confidence Among Professionals and Laypeople in the Stock Market, Journal of Behavioral Finance 5, no. 3 (2004): 148–153, doi:10.1207/s15427579jpfm0503_3.
‹‹25›› D. Dunning, D. W. Griffin, J. D. Milojkovic, and L. Ross, The Overconfidence Effect in Social Prediction, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 58, no. 4 (1990): 568–581.
‹‹26›› Ulrike Malmendier and Geoffrey Tate, CEO Overconfidence and Corporate Investment, The Journal of Finance 60, no. 6 (2005): 2661–2700, doi:10.1111/j.1540–6261.2005.00813.x.
‹‹27›› Ioannis S. Salamouris, How Overconfidence Influences Entrepreneurship, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 2 no. 1 (2013): 8, doi:10.1186/2192-5372-2-8.
‹‹28›› Markus Glaser and Martin Weber, Overconfidence and Trading Volume, SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 976374, Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=976374.
‹‹29›› Todd R. Zenger, Explaining Organizational Diseconomies of Scale in R&D: Agency Problems and the Allocation of Engineering Talent, Ideas, and Effort by Firm Size, Management Science 40, no. 6 (1994): 708–729.
‹‹30›› Brian Wu and Anne Marie Knott, Entrepreneurial Risk and Market Entry, Management Science 52, no. 9 (2006): 1315–1330.
‹‹31›› Michael Hoerger, Benjamin P. Chapman, Ronald M. Epstein, and Paul R. Duberstein, Emotional Intelligence: A Theoretical Framework for Individual Differences in Affective Forecasting, Emotion 12, no. 4 (2012): 716–25, doi:10.1037/a0026724.
‹‹32›› Daniel Kahneman, Evaluation By Moments: Past and Future, In Choices, Values and Frames, eds. D. Kahneman and A. Tversky (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
‹‹33›› Timothy D. Wilson and Daniel T. Gilbert, Affective Forecasting: Knowing What to Want, Current Directions in Psychological Science 14, no. 3 (2005): 131–134, doi:10.1111/j.0963–7214.2005.00355.x.
‹‹34›› Yo (app), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yo_(app).
‹‹35›› The World’s Most Innovative Companies: Amazon.com, Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/companies/amazon.
‹‹36›› Hayley Tsukayama, What Amazon’s Learned from a Decade of Prime, Washington Post, February 3 2015, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2015/02/03/what-amazons-learned-from-a-decade-of-prime/.
‹‹37›› Sarah Perez, Amazon Announces new Dash-powered Devices that can Auto-reorder Your Coffee, Air Filters, and More, TechCrunch, 2016, https://techcrunch.com/2016/11/22/amazon-announces-new-dash-powered-devices-that-can-auto-reorder-your-coffee-air-filters-and-more/?ncid=rss&utm_source=feedburner&utm_me-dium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Techcrunch+%28Tech-Crunch%29.
‹‹38›› JuJu Chang and Mary Marsh, The Google Diet: Search Giant Overhauled Its Eating Options to ‘Nudge’ Healthy Choices, ABC News, January 25 2013, http://abcnews.go.com/Health/google-diet-searchgiant-overhauled-eating-options-nudge/story?id=18241908.
‹‹39›› James Franklin, The Science of Conjecture: Evidence and Probability before Pascal (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001), 241.
‹‹40›› Occam’s razor, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occam’s_razor.
‹‹41›› Lee Ross and Richard Nisbett, The Person and the Situation: Perspectives of Social Psychology (London: Pinter & Martin Ltd, 2012).
‹‹42›› Kurt Lewin, A Dynamic Theory of Personality (New York and London: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1935).
Ãëàâà 6. Íåéðîõàêèíã
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‹‹2›› Ëè÷íàÿ áåñåäà ñ Ìàóðèñèî Ýñòðåëüåé, 9 ôåâðàëÿ 2017 ãîäà.
‹‹3›› D. J. Bem, Self-perception Theory, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, ed. Leonard Berkowitz (New York: Academic, 1972).
‹‹4›› Ïñèõîëîãè ñïîðÿò, ñâÿçàíî ýòî ñ êîãíèòèâíûì äèññîíàíñîì èëè ñî âçãëÿäàìè íà ñâîå ïðîøëîå ïîâåäåíèå. Àðãóìåíòû â ïîëüçó ïåðâîãî ïðåäïîëîæåíèÿ ñì.: Leon Festinger, A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1957). Àðãóìåíòû â ïîëüçó âòîðîãî ïðåäïîëîæåíèÿ ñì.: D. J. Bem, Self-Perception: An Alternative Interpretation of Cognitive Dissonance Phenomena, Psychological Review 74 (1967): 183–200.
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‹‹16›› R. B. Zajonc, Sheila T. Murphy, and Marita Inglehart, Feeling and Facial Efference: Implications of the Vascular Theory of Emotion, Psychological Review 96, no. 3 (1989): 395–416, doi:10.1037/0033-295X.96.3.395.
‹‹17›› M. Axel Wollmer, Claas de Boer, Nadeem Kalak, Johannes Beck, Thomas Gotz, Tina Schmidt, Muris Hodzic, et al, Facing Depression with Botulinum Toxin: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Journal of Psychiatric Research 46, no. 5 (2012): 574–81, doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.027.
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Ãëàâà 7. Óâëåêàòåëüíîñòü
‹‹1›› Brad Tuttle, Former ‘Extreme Couponer’ Admits: It’s a Waste of Time, Time, last modified November 5, 2012, http://business.time.com/2012/11/05/former-extreme-couponer-admits-its-a-waste-of-time/.
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‹‹5›› Improving Economy, Increasing Shopper Demand for Digital Offers Impacting Coupon Use, Inmar, February 1, 2016, http://www.inmar.com/press-release/improving-economy-increasing-shop-per-demand-for-digital-offers-impacting-coupon-use/.
‹‹6›› Improving Economy, Increasing Shopper Demand for Digital Offers Impacting Coupon Use, Inmar, February 1, 2016, http://www.inmar.com/press-release/improving-economy-increasing-shop-per-demandfor-digital-offers-impacting-coupon-use/.
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‹‹29›› Amy Adkins, U.S. Employee Engagement Holds Steady at 31.7 %, Gallup, May 7, 2015, http://www.gallup.com/poll/183041/employee-engagement-holds-steady.aspx?utm_source=EMPLOYEE_ENGAGEMENT&utm_medium=topic&utm_campaign=tiles.
‹‹30›› Gamification: Engagement Strategies for Business and IT» Gartner, http://www.gartner.com/technology/research/gamification/.
‹‹31›› Gartner Predicts Over 70 Percent of Global 2000 Organisations Will Have at Least One Gamified Application by 2014, Gartner, November 9, 2011, http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/1844115.
‹‹32›› Gartner Says by 2014, 80 Percent of Current Gamified Applications Will Fail to Meet Business Objectives Primarily Due to Poor Design, Gartner, November 27, 2012, http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2251015.
‹‹33›› Wupperman Steel, Enterprise Steel Consultancy, last modified February 7, 2015, http://enterprise-gamification.com/mediawiki/index.php?h2=Wuppermann_Steel.
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‹‹39›› John Cassidy, The Next Crusade: Paul Wolfowitz at the World Bank, New Yorker, April 9, 2007, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2007/04/09/the-next-crusade.
‹‹40›› Theo Merz, Russian commuters win free Metro travel if they can prove physical prowess, The Telegraph, November 8, 2013, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/10437306/Russian-commuters-win-free-Metro-travel-if-they-can-prove-physical-prowess.html.
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‹‹43›› Blake Fleetwood, Frequent-Flyer Programs Are Convoluted, Mysterious, and a Maddening Fraud, Huffington Post, May 4, 2011, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/blake-fleetwood/frequentflier-programs-ar_b_856623.html
‹‹44›› Jed Williams and John Swanciger, Why Small Businesses Should Be Utilizing Customer-Loyalty Programs, Entrepreneur, April 25, 2014, https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/233362.
‹‹45›› Best Buy Increases Loyalty Rewards in Move to Spur Sales. 4-traders, April 3, 2014, http://www.4-traders.com/BEST-BUY-CO-INC-11778/news/Best-Buy-Increases-Loyalty-Rewards-in-Move-to-Spur-Sales16603892/.
×èòàòü áåñïëàòíî äðóãèå êíèãè:
