История Древнего мира. От истоков Цивилизации до падения Рима Бауэр Сьюзен

^‹1228› Finley Hooper, Roman Realities (1979), p. 155.

^‹1229› Appian, The Civil Wars, 1.1, translated by Oliver J. Thatcher in The Library of Original Sources, vol. 3: The Roman World (1901).

^‹1230› Plutarch, Tiberius Gracchus, in Plutarch's Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation, pp. 357–358.

^‹1231› Ibid., p. 361.

^‹1232› Ibid., p. 369.

^‹1233› Appian, Civil Wars, 1.2.

^‹1234› Diodorus Siculus, 34.21.

^‹1235› Ibid., 34.23.

^‹1236› Plutarch, Caius Gracchus, in Plutarch's Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation, pp. 381–383.

^‹1237› TheJugurthine War 41, in Sallust, The Jugurthine War/The Conspiracy of Cataline, translated by S. A. Handford (1963), p. 77.

^‹1238› The Jugurthine War 8, in Sallust, p. 41.

^‹1239› The Jugurthine War 14, in Sallust, p. 47.

^‹1240› The Jugurthine War 28, in Sallust, p. 64.

^‹1241› The Jugurthine War 37, in Sallust, p. 73.

^‹1242› Marius 28, in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 148.

^‹1243› Marius 32 in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 152.

^‹1244› Cicero, On the Commonwealth, 3.41, in On the Commonwealth and On the Laws, translated and edited by James E. G. Zetzel (1999), p. 74.

^‹1245› Justin 38.4.13, quoted in Salmon, p. 128.

^‹1246› Salmon, p. 129.

^‹1247› Marius 33 in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 153.

^‹1248› Sulla 6 in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 179.

^‹1249› Marius 34 in Plutarch, Greek Lives, pp. 153–154.

^‹1250› Marius 35 in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 154.

^‹1251› Sulla 9, in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 185.

^‹1252› Twitchett and Loewe, p. 410.

^‹1253› Shi chi iop, in Watson, Records, vol. II, pp. 142–143.

^‹1254› Shi chi 123, in Watson, Records, vol. 2, p. 282.

^‹1255› Ibid., 123, p. 284.

^‹1256› Han shu 96, quoted in Twitchett and Loewe, p. 410.

^‹1257› Marius 43, in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 164.

^‹1258› Sulla 22 in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 199.

^‹1259› Sulla 30, in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 208.

^‹1260› Sulla 3f, in Plutarch, Greek Lives, p. 210.

^‹1261› Hooper, p. 215.

^‹1262› Ibid., p. 223.

^‹1263› Carlin A. Barton, «The Scandal of the Arena», Representations 27 (1989), p. 2.

^‹1264› Tertullian, De spectaculis 22, in Barton, p. 1.

^‹1265› Crassus 8, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic: Six Lives by Plutarch, translated by Rex Warner (1972), p. 122.

^‹1266› Crassus 9, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 123.

^‹1267› Appian, Civil Wars, 1.118.

^‹1268› Crassus 9, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 124.

^‹1269› Appian, Civil Wars, 1.119.

^‹1270› Crassus n, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 127.

^‹1271› Appian, Civil Wars, 1.121.

^‹1272› Crassus 11, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 127.

^‹1273› Crassus 12, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 128.

^‹1274› Hooper, p. 226.

^‹1275› Ibid., p. 121.

^‹1276› Ibid., p. 120.

^‹1277› Pompey 48 and Caesar 14, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, pp. 207, 257.

^‹1278› Caesar, The Conquest of Gaul, 2.35, translated by S. A. Handford, revised by Jane F. Gardner (1982), p. 73.

^‹1279› Caesar 20, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 263.

^‹1280› Caesar 21, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 265.

^‹1281› Acton Griscom, The Historia Regum Britannia of Geoffrey of Monmouth (1929), p. 221.

^‹1282› Caesar, Conquest of Gaul, 5.14, p. in.

^‹1283› Ibid., 4.36, p. 103.

^‹1284› Plutarch, quoted in Hooper, p. 273.

^‹1285› Caesar 28, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 271.

^‹1286› Caesar 32–33, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 276.

^‹1287› Caesar 35, in Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, p. 279.

^‹1288› Plutarch, Antony, in Plutarch's Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation, p. 487.

^‹1289› Clayton, p. 216.

^‹1290› Pompey 79–80, Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, pp. 240–241.

^‹1291› Harriet I. Flower, ed., The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic (2004), p. 328.

^‹1292› Nicolaus of Damascus, Life of Augustus, translated by Clayton M. Hall (1923).

^‹1293› Suetonius, The Deified Julius Caesar 82, in Lives of the Caesars, translated by Catharine Edwards (2000), p. 39.

^‹1294› Suetonius, The DeifiedJulius Caesar 83, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 39.

^‹1295› Plutarch, Marcus Brutus, in Plutarch’s Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation, p. 586.

^‹1296› Ibid., p. 587.

^‹1297› Plutarch, Antony, in Plutarch's Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation, pp. 490–491.

^‹1298› Ibid., p. 491.

^‹1299› Ibid., p. 492.

^‹1300› Suetonius, The Deified Augustus 16, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 49.

^‹1301› Plutarch, Antony, in Plutarch’s Lives, vol. 2, The Dryden Translation, p. 496.

^‹1302› Suetonius, The Deified Augustus 16, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 50.

^‹1303› Hooper, p. 305.

^‹1304› Chris Scarre, Chronicle of the Roman Emperors (1995), p. 18.

^‹1305› Hooper, p. 331.

^‹1306› Mackay, p. 184.

^‹1307› Hooper, pp. 332–333; Mackay, p. 185.

^‹1308› Res Gestae, 11.38–41, 58, in The Monumentum Ancyranum, translated by E. G. Hardy (1923).

^‹1309› Ibid., H.74–80,85–87.

^‹1310› Mackay, p. 185.

^‹1311› Suetonius, The Deified Augustus 79, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 84.

^‹1312› Tacitus, Annals of Imperial Rome, 1.1.

^‹1313› Garthwaite, p. 80.

^‹1314› Suetonius, Augustus 31, in The New Testament Background: Selected Documents, edited by C. K. Barrett, p. 5.

^‹1315› Hooper, p. 334.

^‹1316› Suetonius, Tiberius, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 131.

^‹1317› Garthwaite, p. 80.

^‹1318› Suetonius, The Deified Augustus 98, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 95.

^‹1319› Twitchett and Loewe, p. 225.

^‹1320› Clyde Bailey Sargent, trans. Wang Mang: A Translation of the Official Account of His Rise to Power (1977), p. 55.

^‹1321› Ibid., p. 178.

^‹1322› Hucker, p. 129.

^‹1323› Бань Гу, историк эпохи Хань, цит. в: J. A. G. Roberts, p. 57.

^‹1324› J. A. G. Roberts, p. 57.

^‹1325› Paludan, p. 45.

^‹1326› J. A. G. Roberts, p. 59.

^‹1327› Michael, p. 82.

^‹1328› Fenton, p. 141.

^‹1329› Suetonius, Tiberius 25, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 111.

^‹1330› Ibid.

^‹1331› Suetonius, Tiberius 43, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 119.

^‹1332› Suetonius, Tiberius 75, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 134.

^‹1333› Acts of Thomas, 2.4.

^‹1334› Ibid., 1.16.

^‹1335› Rom. 6:8–14, NIV.

^‹1336› Josephus, Wars of the Jews, H.184–203.

^‹1337› Tacitus, Annals of Imperial Rome, 12.62, 280.

^‹1338› I.A. Richmond, Roman Britain (1978), p. 30.

^‹1339› Ibid., p. 33.

^‹1340› Dio Cassius, Roman History (1916), 62.16–1.

^‹1341› Tacitus, Annals of Imperial Rome, 15.44.

^‹1342› Sulpicius Severus, «The Sacred History of Sulpicius Severus», in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, vol. 11, edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace (1974), book 2, chapter 29.

^‹1343› Suetonius, Nero 57, in Lives of the Caesars, p. 227.

^‹1344› Suetonius, Galba, in Lives of the Caesars, pp. 236–237.

^‹1345› Hooper, p. 393.

^‹1346› Hooper, p. 403.

^‹1347› Pliny, Letter 6.20 in The Letters of the Younger Pliny (1963).

^‹1348› De Vita Caesarum: Domitianus, in Suetonius, edited byj. C. Rolfe (1914), vol. 2,339–385.

^‹1349› Domitian 13, in Suetonius, Lives of the Caesars, sec. 13, p. 289.

^‹1350› Tacitus, «Life of Cnaeus Julius Agricola», in Complete Works of Tacitus, translated by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb (1964), pp. 707–708.

^‹1351› Scarre, p. 83.

^‹1352› Scarre, p. 88.

^‹1353› Trajan, in Anthony Birley, Lives of the Later Caesars (1976), p. 44.

^‹1354› Epictetus, «Discourses 4», in Discourses, Books 3 and 4, translated by P. E. Matheson (2004), 1.128–131.

^‹1355› Dio Cassius, Roman History, p. IXIX.

^‹1356› Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History, translated by A. C. McGiffert, 1890.

^‹1357› Ibid.

^‹1358› J. A. G. Roberts, p. 60.

^‹1359› Hucker, p. 131.

^‹1360› J. A. G. Roberts, p. 60.

^‹1361› Fairbank and Goldman, p. 60.

^‹1362› Hucker, p. 131.

^‹1363› Michael, p. 84.

^‹1364› Ibid.

^‹1365› Scarre, p. 110.

^‹1366› Marcus Antoninus 2, in Birley, p. 110.

^‹1367› Birley, Marcus Antoninus 7, in Birley, p. 115.

^‹1368› Birley, Marcus Antoninus 12, in Birley, p. 122.

^‹1369› Birley, Marcus Antoninus 17, in Birley, p. 125.

^‹1370› Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius, translated by George Long (1909), 6.2.

^‹1371› Ibid., 30.

^‹1372› Marcus Antoninus 28, in Birley, p. 136.

^‹1373› Scarre, p. 122.

^‹1374› Commodus 9, in Birley, p. 170.

^‹1375› Commodus 16, in Birley, p. 175.

^‹1376› Rafe de Crespigny, trans., To Establish Peace, vol. 1 (1996), p. xi.

^‹1377› Ibid., p. 17.

^‹1378› Michael, p. 133; Paludan, p. 55.

^‹1379› de Crespigny, vol. 1, p. xxxviii.

^‹1380› Ibid., vol. 2, p. 396.

^‹1381› Hucker, p. 133.

^‹1382› Caracallus 2, in Birley, p. 251.

^‹1383› Caracallus 4, in Birley, p. 253.

^‹1384› Darab Dastur Peshotan Sanjana. The Kamame і Artakhshiri Papakan, Being the Oldest Surviving Records of the Zomastrian Emperor Ardashir Babakan, the Founder of the Sasanian Dynasty in Iran (1896), 1.6.

^‹1385› Scarre, p. 147.

^‹1386› Birley, Heliogabalus 5, in Birley, p. 293.

^‹1387› al-Mas’udi, El Masudi's Encyclopedia, Enh2d «Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems», Book 2 (1841).

^‹1388› Curris, p. 61.

^‹1389› «Yasna 12: The Zoroastrian Creed», translated by Joseph H. Peterson (electronic text at www.avesta.org, 1997), sections 1,3,9.

^‹1390› Jordanes, The Origin, and Deeds of the Goths, translated by Charles C. Mierow (1908) 1.9

^‹1391› Jordanes, 2.20.

^‹1392› Lactantius, «Of the Manner in Which the Persecutors Died», in The Anti-Nicene Fathers, vol

^‹1393› Fathers of the Third and Fourth Centuries, edited by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson (1974)

^‹1394› Eutropius, Abridgement of Roman History, translated by John Selby Watson (Bohn, 1853) 9.13.

^‹1395› Ibid., 9.14.

^‹1396› Scarre, p. 193.

^‹1397› Eusebius, «The Oration of the Emperor Constantine», 24, in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers Second Series, Vol. I, edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace (1974).

^‹1398› Eutropius, 9.18.

^‹1399› Ibid., 9.18.

^‹1400› Ibid., 9.20.

^‹1401› Lactantius, «On the Manner in Which the Persecutors Died»

^‹1402› Ibid.

^‹1403› Eutropius, 9.23.

^‹1404› Ibid., 9.27.

^‹1405› Eusebius, «Life of Constantine», in Nicene and Post Nicene Fathers, Second Series, vol. I, edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace (1974), 26.

^‹1406› Ibid., 28, 29.

^‹1407› Ibid., 38.

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