Христианство. Как все начиналось Вермеш Геза

1 Gerth, H.H. and Wright Mills, C. (eds.), From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology . Routledge, London, 1991, pp. 248–249.

2 Segal, J.B., “Popular Religion in Ancient Israel”, Journal of Jewish Studies 26 (1976), pp. 1–22.

3 Taylor, J., «“Roots, Remedies and Properties of Stones”: The Essenes, Qumran and Dead Sea Pharmacology», Journal of Jewish Studies 60 (2009), pp. 236.

Глава 2

1 Vermes, G., The Authentic Gospel of Jesus . Penguin, London, 2004, pp. 427–430.

2 Authentic Gospel , pp. 376–397. См. также Vermes, G., Jesus in the Jewish World. SCM, London, 2010, pp. 224–235.

3 Hahn, F., The Titles of Jesus in Christology . Lutterworth Press, Cambridge, 1969, p. 307.

4 Jeremias, J., The Prayers of Jesus . SCM: London, 1977, pp. 57–65.

5 Vermes, G., Jesus and the World of Judaism. SCM, London, 1983, pp. 41–42. Самое сильное и убедительное опровержение см. в: Barr, J., ‘Abba isn’t Daddy’, Journal of Theological Studies 39 (1988), pp. 28–47.

6 Benedict XVI/J.Ratzinger, Jesus of Nazareth, Part 2, Holy Week . Catholic Truth Society, London, 2011, pp. 161–162.

7 Vermes, G., Jesus the Jew , Collins, London, 1973, pp. 168–173, 180–183.

8 Vermes, G., Jesus the Jew , Collins, London, 1973, p. 173.

9 Vermes, G., Jesus the Jew , Collins, London, 1973, pp. 123–127.

10 Ksemann, E., Essays on New Testament Themes , SCM: London, 1964, p. 101.

11 Essays on New Testament Themes , p. 38. 12 Vermes, G., The Changing Faces of Jesus , Penguin, London, 2001, pp. 218–219.

Глава 3

1 Broadhead, E.K., Jewish Ways of Following Jesus: Redrawing the Religious Map of Antiquity . Mohr Siebeck, Tbingen, 2010.

Глава 4

1 Sherwin-White, A.N., Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament. Clarendon, Oxford, 1963, pp. 151–153.

2 G.Vermes, Scripture and Tradition in Judaism . Brill: Leiden, 1961, pp. 193–227.

3 Vermes, The Changing Faces of Jesus , 2001, pp. 78–79.

4 G.Ldemann, Paul, The Founder of Christianity . Prometheus Books, Amherst, N.Y., 2002.

5 Cross, F.L. and Livingstone, E.A. (eds.), The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church . 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997, p. 1048.

Глава 5

1 A.Loisy, Le Quatrime vangile , Emile Nourry, Paris, 1921.

2 Barrett, C.K., The Prologue of St. John’s Gospel . Athlone Press, London, 1971, pp. 27–28.

3 Brown, R. The Gospel According to John I–XII . Doubleday, New York, 1966, pp. 18–23.

4 Ashton, J., Studying John: Approaches to the Fourth Gospel . Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1994, p. 6.

5 Bultmann, R., The Gospel of St. John: A Commentary . Blackwell, Oxford, 1971, p. 12.

6 Vermes, G., Jesus: Nativity – Passion – Resurrection . Penguin, London, 2010, pp. 157–162

Глава 6

1 Grillmeier, A., Christ in Christian Tradition. Vol. 1, From the Apostolic Age to Chalcedon (451) . 2nd rev. edn, Mowbrays, London/Oxford, 1975

2 Roberts, A., and Donaldson, J. (eds.), The Ante-Nicene Christian Library:The Writings of the Fathers Down to AD 325 . T.&T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1867–1873. Серия доступна на сайтах Christian Classics Ethereal Library (www.ccel.org/fathers.html) и New Advent (www.newadvent.org/fathers/index.html).

3 Грузинский перевод Дидахе развивает богословие последней фразы, добавляя: «Тогда мир увидит Господа Иисуса Христа, Сына Человеческого, который есть Сын Божий, идущего по облакам небесным». Это явно поздняя вставка, причем не единственный в грузинском переводе отход от оригинала.

4 Audet, J.-P., La Didach: L’Instruction des aptres . tudes Bibliques, Gabalda, Paris, 1958, p. 428.

5 Относительно Варнавы см. Prigent, P., Les Testimonia dans le christianisme primitif: L’Epоtre de Barnab I–XVI et ses sources . Gabalda, Paris, 1961.

Глава 7

1 Goodman, M., Rome and Jerusalem . Penguin, London, 2007, pp. 445–511.

2 См. Millar, F., The Emperor in the Roman World (31 BC – AD 337) . Duck-worth, London, 1977, pp. 557–558.

3 G.Vermes, Jesus: Nativity – Passion – Resurrection , 2010, p. 34.

Глава 8

1 О жанре libelli см. Fergus Millar, The Emperor in the Roman World , 1977, pp. 243–244, 562–563.

2 Rajak, T., “Talking at Trypho”, The Jewish Dialogue with Greece and Rome: Studies in Cultural and Social Interaction . Brill, Leiden, 2001, pp. 511–533.

3 Так говорится в греческих переводах Ветхого Завета, сделанных во II веке – Акилы, Симмаха и Теодотиона.

4 Bonner, C. (ed.), The Homily on the Passion, Studies and Documents 12 . University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1940. Издание основано на Papyrus Chester-Beatty-Michigan.

5 Testuz, M., Mliton de Sardes, Homlie sur la Pque: Manuscript du IIIe sicle . Papyrus Bodmer 13. Bibliotheca Bodmeriana, Cology-Gen ve, 1960.

6 Имеется в виду народная этимология, которая расшифровывает слово «Израиль» как «видящий Бога».

7 Найдено в середине ХХ века среди рукописей Наг-Хаммади в Египте. Имеет то же название, что и сочинение, которое приписывается Валентину, известному учителю-гностику.

Глава 9

1 Chadwick, H., The Early Church . Penguin, London, 1967, p. 99. [ «Высокими столами» в Оксфорде называют столы для профессуры в университетской столовой. – Прим. пер .]

2 Chadwick, H., Early Christian Thought and the Classical Tradition: Studies in Justin, Clement, and Origen. Clarendon, Oxford, 1966, p. 31.

3 Свиток был найден в кувшине неподалеку от Иерихона (по соседству с Кумраном?). Возможно, это был один из свитков Мертвого моря.

4 Опубликовано в: Field, F., ed., Origenis Hexaplorum , 2 vols. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1875.

5 Впоследствии эта карикатура появится в Талмуде и ляжет в основу «Толедот Йешу» («Жизни Иисуса»), раннесредневековой иудейской биографии Иисуса. См. Schfer, P., Jesus in the Talmud . Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2007).

6 Во времена Оригена наука считала, что галлюцинации бывают ночью, причем у людей неуравновешенных или склонных к бреду.

Глава 10

1 Оба они присутствовали на Никейском соборе, но Афанасий, в ту пору лишь дьякон, а не пресвитер или епископ, не имел возможности активно участвовать в соборных дискуссиях. Впрочем, это не мешало ему оказывать существенное влияние на ход событий за кулисами.

2 A.von Harnack, The History of Dogma IV. Williams & Norgate, London, 1898.

3 Millar, F., The Emperor in the Roman World (31 BC – AD 337). Duck-worth, London, 1977, p. 598.

4 Millar, F., The Emperor in the Roman World (31 BC – AD 337). Duck-worth, London, 1977, p. 599.

5 Altercatio Luciferiani et orthodoxi 19 in Migne, Patrologia Latina 23, 181B.

6 Rahner, K., “Current Problems in Christology”, Theological Investigations I.Darton, Longman and Todd, London, 1961, pp. 149–200.

Глава 11

1 Gwatkin, H.M., Studies in Arianism (2nd ed.; Bell, London, 1900).

2 Wiles, M.F., “In Defence of Arius”, Journal of Theological Studies 13 (1962), pp. 339–47.

Библиография

Классические источники

Josephus, Flavius, The Jewish War – The Jewish Antiquities – The Life – Against Apion , in Josephus with an English Translation I–IX, by H.St J.Thackerary and L.H.Feldman, Loeb Classical Library, London/ New York, 1926–1965.

Philo of Alexandria, in Philo with an English Translation I–X, by F.H.Colson and G.H.Whitaker, Loeb Classical Library, London/New York, 1962.

Pliny the Younger, Letters I–II, by B.Radice, Loeb Classical Library, London/New York, 1969.

Tacitus, Cornelius, Annals with an English Translation , by J.Jackson, Loeb Classical Library, London/New York, 1937.

Харизматический иудаизм

Blenkinsopp, J., A History of Prophecy in Israel . SPCK, London, 1984.

Bokser, B.M., “Wonder-Working in the Rabbinic Tradition: The Case of Hanina ben Dosa”, Journal for the Study of Judaism 16 (1985), pp. 42–92.

Bchler, A., Types of Jewish-Palestinian Piety from 70 B.C.E. to 7 °C.E.: The Ancient Pious Men . Jews’ College Publications, London, 1922.

Gerth, H.H. and Wright Mills, C. (eds.), From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology . Routledge, London, 1991.

Green, W.S., “Palestinian Holy Men: Charismatic Leadership and Rabbinic Tradition”, Aufstieg und Niederand der rmischen Welt , ed. W.Haase, II. 19, 2 (1979), pp. 619–647.

Grey, R., Prophetic Figures in Late Second Temple Jewish Palestine: The Evidence from Josephus . Oxford University Press, New York, 1993.

Jaff, D., “L’Identification de Jsus au modle du Hasid charismatique galilen”, New Testament Studies 55 (2009), pp. 218–246.

Safrai, S., “Jesus and the Hasidim”, Jerusalem Perspective 42–44 (1994), pp. 3–22.

Sanders, E.P., Judaism: Practice and Belief, 63 BCE–66 CE . SCM, London, 1992.

Schrer, E., Vermes G. et al. (eds.), The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ I–III. T.&T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1973–1987.

Segal, J.B., “Popular Religion in Ancient Israel”, Journal of Jewish Studies 26 (1976), pp. 1–22.

Taylor, J., «“Roots, Remedies and Properties of Stones”: The Essenes, Qumran and Dead Sea Pharmacology», Journal of Jewish Studies 60 (2009), pp. 226–244.

Vermes, G., “Hanina ben Dosa”, Journal of Jewish Studies 23 (1972), pp. 28–50; 24 (1973), pp. 51–64. ____, Jesus the Jew . Collins, London, 1973/SCM Classics, 2001. ____, Jesus in the Jewish World . SCM, London, 2010. ____, The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English . Penguin, London, 2011. ____, “Jewish Miracle-workers in the Late Second Temple Period”, in M.Brettler and A.J.Levine (eds.), Jewish Annotated New Testament . Oxford University Press, New York (2012).

Weber, M., Ancient Judaism . Free Press, Glencoe Ill., 1952.

Иисус

Alexander, P.S., “Jesus and the Golden Rule”, in J.H.Charlesworth et al. (eds.), Hillel and Jesus . Fortress, Minneapolis, 1997, pp. 363–388.

Allison, D.C., Jesus of Nazareth: Millenarian Prophet . Fortress, Minneapolis, 1998.

Barr, J., “Abba isn’t Daddy”, Journal of Theological Studies 39 (1988), pp. 28–47.

Bauckham, R.J., Jesus and Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2008.

Benedict XVI/J.Ratzinger, Jesus of Nazareth, Part 2, Holy Week . Catholic Truth Society, London, 2011.

Borg, M.J., Jesus, A New Vision: Spirit, Culture and Discipleship . Harper-San-Francisco, San Francisco, 1987.

____, Jesus in Contemporary Scholarship . Trinity Press International, Valley Forge, 1994. Bousset, W., Kyrios Christos: A History of the Belief in Christ from the Beginning

of Christianity to Irenaeus . Abingdon, Nashville, 1970. Brown, R.E., The Birthof the Messiah . Doubleday, New York, 1999. Bultmann, R., Primitive Christianity in its Contemporary Setting . Thames&

Hudson, London, 1956.

Casey, M., From Jewish Prophet to Pagan God: The Origins and Development of New Testament Christology . James Clarke, Cambridge, 1991. ____, From Jesus of Nazareth: An Independent Historian’s Account of his Life

and Teaching . T.&T. Clark, London, 2010. Charlesworth, J.H., Jesus within Judaism . SPCK, London, 1989. Charlesworth, J.H. (ed.), Jesus’ Jewishness: Exploring the Place of Jesus in Early Judaism . Crossroad, New York, 1991. ____, Jesus and the Dead Sea Scrolls . Doubleday, New York, 1993. ____, Jesus and Archaeology . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2006. ____, The Historical Jesus: An Essential Guide . Abingdon, Nashville, 2008.

Charlesworth, J.H. and Johns, L.L. (eds.), Hillel and Jesus . Fortress, Minneapolis, 1997.

Collins, A.Y. and Collins, J.J., King and Messiah as Son of God . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2008.

Collins, J.J., The Scepter and the Star: The Messiah of the Dead Sea Scrolls and other Ancient Literature . Doubleday, New York, 1995.

Crossan, J.D., The Historical Jesus: The Life of a Mediterranean Jewish Peasant . HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco, 1991.

Davies, S.L., Jesus the Healer: Possession, Trance, and the Origins of Christianity .

SCM, London, 1995.

Dunn, J.D.G., Jesus and the Spirit . SCM, London, 1975.

____, Jesus Remembered . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2003.

Ehrman, B.D., Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium . Oxford University Press, New York, 1999.

Evans, C.A., The Routledge Encyclopedia of the Historical Jesus . Routledge, New York/London, 2010.

Flusser, D. and Notley, R.S., The Sage from Galilee: Rediscovering Jesus’ Genius . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2007.

Frederiksen, P., From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testament Image of Jesus . Yale University Press, New Haven/London, 1988.

Hahn, F., The Titles of Jesus in Christology . Lutterworth Press, Cambridge, 1969.

Harvey, A.E., Jesus and the Constraints of History . Duckworth, London, 1982.

____, Strenuous Commands: The Ethic of Jesus . SCM, London, 1990.

Hengel, M., The Son of God: The Origin of Christology and the History of Jewish-Hellenistic Religion . SCM, London, 1976.

____, The Charismatic Leader and his Followers . T.&T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1981.

Jeremias, J., The Prayers of Jesus . SCM, London, 1977.

Ksemann, E., Essays on New Testament Themes . SCM, London, 1964.

Klausner, J., Jesus of Nazareth: His Times, his Life and his Teaching . Allen& Unwin, London, 1925.

Lee, B.J., The Galilean Jewishness of Jesus: Retrieving the Jewish Origins of Christianity . Paulist Press, New York, 1988.

Mason, S., Josephus and the New Testament . 2nd edn, Hendrickson, Peabody, 2003.

Meier, J.P., A Marginal Jew I–IV. Doubleday, New York/Yale University Press, New Haven, 1991–2009.

Moore, D.F., Jesus, An Emerging Jewish Mosaic: Jewish Perspectives, Post-Holocaust . T.&T. Clark, New York/London, 2008.

Neusner, J., A Rabbi Talks with Jesus . McGill-Queens University Press, Montreal, 2000.

Otto, R., The Kingdom of God and the Son of Man . James Clarke, Cambridge, 2010.

Perrin, N., Rediscovering the Teaching of Jesus . SCM, London, 1967.

Sanders, E. P., Jesus and Judaism . SCM, London, 1985.

____, The Historical Figure of Jesus . Penguin, London, 1993.

Sch fer, P., Jesus in the Talmud . Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2007.

Schweitzer, A., The Quest of the Historical Jesus . SCM, London, 2000.

Smith, M., Jesus the Magician . Gollancz, London, 1978.

Taylor, J.E., The Immerser: John the Baptist within Second Temple Judaism . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 1997.

Theissen, G., Sociology of Early Palestinian Christianity . Fortress, Minneapolis, 1978.

Theissen G. and Merz, A., The Historical Jesus: A Comprehensive Guide . SCM, London, 1998.

Twelftree, G.H., Jesus the Exorcist . Mohr Siebeck, Tbingen, 1993.

____, Jesus the Miracle Worker . InterVarsity, Downers Grove, 1999.

Vermes, G., Jesus the Jew . Collins, London, 1973/ SCM Classics, 2001.

____, Jesus and the World of Judaism . SCM, London, 1983.

____, The Religion of Jesus the Jew . SCM, London, 1993.

____, The Changing Faces of Jesus . Penguin, London, 2001.

____, Jesus in his Jewish Context . SCM, London, 2003.

____, The Authentic Gospel of Jesus . Penguin, London, 2004.

____, Who’s Who in the Age of Jesus . Penguin, London, 2005.

____, Jesus: Nativity – Passion – Resurrection . Penguin, London, 2010.

____, Searching for the Real Jesus . SCM, London, 2010.

____, Jesus in the Jewish World . SCM, London, 2010.

Wright, N.T., The Resurrection of the Son of God . Fortress, Minneapolis, 2003.

Zeitlin, I.M., Jesus and the Judaism of his Time . Polity Press, Oxford, 1988.

Первоначальное христианство

Aune, D.E., Prophecy and Early Christianity in the Mediterranean World . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 1983.

Barrett, C.K., “The Interpretation of the Old Testament in the New”, in P.R.Ackroyd and C.F.Evans (eds.), The Cambridge History of the Bible . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1970, pp. 412–453.

Broadhead, E.K., Jewish Ways of Following Jesus: Redrawing the Religious Map of Antiquity . Mohr Siebeck, Tbingen, 2010.

Charlesworth, J.H., The Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls. Vol. III: The Scrolls and

Christian Origins . Baylor University Press, Waco, 2008.

Crossan, J.D., The Birth of Christianity . HarperCollins, New York, 1998.

Haenchen, E., The Acts of the Apostles: A Commentary . Westminster, Louisville,

1971.

Horbury, W., Jewish Messianism and the Cult of Christ . SCM, London, 1998.

Hurtado, L.W., Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Early Christianity . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2003.

Juel, D., Messianic Exegesis: Christological Interpretation of the Old Testament in

Early Christianity . Fortress, Philadelphia, 1988.

Knight, J., Christian Origins . T.&T. Clark, London, 2008.

L demann, G., Early Christianity in Traditions in Acts . SCM, London, 1989.

____, The Acts of the Apostles: What Really Happened in the Earliest Days of the

Church . Prometheus, Amherst, 2005.

Sanders, E.P. (ed.), Jewish and Christian Self-Definition. Vol. I: The Shaping of Christianity in the Second and Third Centuries . SCM, London, 1980.

Vermes, G., Scrolls, Scriptures and Early Christianity . T.&T. Clark, London, 2005.

Апостол Павел

Bauckham, R.J., God Crucified: Monotheism and Christology in the New Testament . Pater Noster, Carlisle, 1998.

____, Jude and the Relatives of Jesus in the Early Church . T.&T. Clark, London, 2004.

Boyarin, D., A Radical Jew: Paul and the Politics of Identity . University of California Press, Berkeley, 1997.

Davies, W. D., Paul and Rabbinic Judaism . Fortress, Philadelphia, 1980.

Dunn, J.D. G., The Theology of Paul the Apostle . Eerdmans, Grand Rapids,

1998. Goodman, M., Mission and Conversion: Proselytizing in the Religious History of

the Roman Empire . Clarendon, Oxford, 1994.

Hengel, M., The Pre-Christian Pau . SCM Press, London, 1991.

Hengel, M. and Schwemer, A.M., Paul between Damascus and Antioch . SCM Press, London, 1997.

Loisy, A., Paul, Founder of Christianity . Prometheus Press, Tonbridge, 2002.

Ldemann, G., Paul, The Founder of Christianity . Prometheus Books, Amherst, N.Y., 2002.

Meeks, W., The First Urban Christians: The Social World of the Apostle Paul . Yale University Press, New Haven, 1983.

Sanders, E.P., Paul, the Law and the Jewish People . SCM Press, London, 1977.

____, Paul and Palestinian Judaism . SCM Press, London, 1977.

Segal, A.F., Rebecca’s Children: Judaism and Christianity in the Roman World . Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1986.

Sherwin-White, A.N., Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament . Clarendon, Oxford, 1963.

Stendahl, K., Paul Among Jews and Gentiles and Other Essays . Fortress, Philadelphia, 1976.

Theissen, G., The Social Setting of Pauline Christianity: Essays on Corinth. Fortress, Minneapolis. 1982.

Tomson, P.J., Paul and the Jewish Law . Fortress, Philadelphia, 1990.

Vermes, G., Scripture and Tradition in Judaism . Brill, Leiden, 1961.

Wiles, M., The Divine Apostle: The Interpretation of St. Paul’s Epistles in the Early Church. Cambridge University Press , Cambridge, 1967.

Иоанн

Ashton, J., Understanding the Fourth Gospel . Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1991.

____, Studying John: Approaches to the Fourth Gospel . Clarendon, Oxford, 1998.

Ashton, J. (ed.), The Interpretation of John . 2nd edn, Continuum, London, 1998.

Barrett, C.K., The Prologue of St. John’s Gospel . Athlone Press, London, 1971.

____, The Gospel According to John: An Introduction with Commentary and Notes on the Greek Text . 2nd edn, SPCK, London, 1978.

Boismard, M.E., Le Prologue de Saint Jean . Cerf, Paris, 1953.

Brown, R.E., The Gospel According to John I–XII . Doubleday, New York, 1966, 1970.

Bultmann, R., The Gospel of St. John: A Commentary . Blackwell, Oxford, 1971.

Culpepper, R.A., Anatomy of the Fourth Gospel . Fortress, Minneapolis, 1983.

____, The Gospel and Letters of John . Abingdon, Nashville, 1998.

Dodd, C.H., The Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1965.